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1.
Educ. med. super ; 36(3): e3292, jul.-set. 2022.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-1404564

ABSTRACT

Introducción: Los avances tecnológicos y educativos en ciencias médicas durante los últimos cincuenta años han sido mayores que en toda la historia de la humanidad. Objetivo: Caracterizar la formación del especialista de cirugía general en el mundo en su devenir histórico y actual. Métodos: Se hizo una revisión bibliográfica en las bases de datos CUMED, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science y PubMed, mediante el motor de búsqueda de información Google Académico. Fueron seleccionados 23 artículos: 19 (82,6 por ciento) del quinquenio 2016-2020, publicados en español e inglés, concernientes al objetivo propuesto, para lo cual se aplicó el método teórico de investigación científica histórico-lógico. Desarrollo: A partir del siglo xix, la evolución de la cirugía en el mundo discurre desde sus limitaciones ocasionadas por el dolor, las infecciones, las hemorragias y el shock hasta el vertiginoso desarrollo de la anestesiología y la reanimación, la asepsia y antisepsia, los novedosos métodos de diagnóstico y tratamiento, la cirugía de trasplante de órganos y tejidos, la cirugía de mínimo acceso, la simulación y la robótica durante el siglo xx y en el presente. Conclusiones: Los avances educativos en la formación profesional durante el período de especialización en cirugía general no marchan al ritmo del desarrollo tecnológico a escala mundial. De ahí surge la necesidad de potenciar al máximo el proceso de enseñanza y aprendizaje de posgrado mediante el desarrollo de estos avances educativos, de manera que no queden a la zaga de los progresos tecnológicos(AU)


Introduction: Technological and educational advances in medical sciences during the last fifty years have been greater than in the entire history of humanity. Objective: To characterize the training of general surgery specialists worldwide considering its historical and current evolution. Methods: A bibliographic review was carried out in the databases CUMED, SciELO, LILACS, Web of Science and PubMed, using the search engine Google Scholar. Twenty-three articles were selected: 19 (82.6 percent) from the five-year period 2016-2020, published in Spanish and English, concerning the set objective, for which the theoretical method of historical-logical scientific research was applied. Development: From the 19th century on, the evolution of surgery worldwide goes from its limitations caused by pain, infections, bleeding and shock to the dizzying development, during the twentieth century and nowadays, of anesthesiology and resuscitation, asepsis and antisepsis, novel methods for diagnosis and treatment, organ and tissue transplant surgery, minimal access surgery, simulation and robotics. Conclusions: Educational advances in professional training during the period of specialization in general surgery do not go in step with technological development on a global scale, hence the need to maximize the postgraduate teaching and learning process through the development of these educational advances, in order for them not to be left behind technological progress(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Specialization/history , General Surgery/history , General Surgery/trends , Professional Training , Surgeons/education , Teaching , Learning
2.
Rev. cir. (Impr.) ; 74(4): 400-409, ago. 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1407927

ABSTRACT

Resumen Los resultados de diversos hallazgos de investigación han sido objeto de crítica, en especial en los últimos años, debido a presencia de errores sistemáticos (sesgos), los que ponen en duda la validez interna de los resultados obtenidos. Estos sesgos pueden ocurrir en cualquier etapa del curso de una investigación, es decir, desde la planificación del estudio hasta la presentación y publicación de sus resultados. Los sesgos se han clasificado de diferentes formas, intentado agruparlos bajo dimensiones conceptuales, objeto de organizar de mejor forma la información existente, que además es considerable. Los sesgos pueden ocurrir por diversos motivos, pero en general, los más frecuentes son aquellos originados por el observador (él o los que miden), por lo que es observado (sujeto en estudio); y aquello con lo que se observa (instrumento de medición). Por otra parte, varios de los múltiples sesgos existentes, se pueden agrupar en: sesgos de selección, de medición o información, y de confusión. El objetivo de este manuscrito fue comentar la importancia de los sesgos más comunes en la investigación quirúrgica, y su relación con algunos diseños de investigación; así como, conocer las estrategias existentes para minimizar su ocurrencia.


The results of many research findings have come under scrutiny in recent years due to the introduction of systematic errors (biases), which can occur at any stage during an investigation, from planning to presentation of results and their presentation and further publication. Biases have been classified in different ways, trying to group them under conceptual dimensions to better organize the existing information, which is considerable. Biases can occur for various reasons, but in general, the most frequent are those originated by the observer, what is observed; and what is observed with. I.e., the subject that is measured, who measures it and with what it measures it. On the other hand, several of the multiple biases can be grouped into selection, measurement or information, and confounding biases. The aim of this manuscript was to comment on the importance of the most common biases in surgical research, and their relationship with some research designs; as well as know the existing strategies to reduce its occurrence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Bias , Clinical Trials as Topic/standards , Biomedical Research/standards , Research Design/standards , Research Design/statistics & numerical data , General Surgery/standards , General Surgery/trends , Total Quality Management , Sample Size , Biomedical Research/statistics & numerical data
3.
Rev. Hosp. Ital. B. Aires (2004) ; 39(3): 77-80, sept. 2019. tab.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1048219

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes y objetivo: el ayuno preoperatorio disminuye el riesgo de aspiración del contenido gástrico y sus complicaciones. Sin embargo, si es excesivo, favorece la regurgitación y el riesgo de broncoaspiración tras la inducción anestésica, así como alteraciones metabólicas e hidroelectrolíticas. Analizamos su duración, en pacientes con cirugías programadas en un hospital público de agudos. Material y métodos: se encuestó a todos los pacientes mayores de 18 años con cirugías programadas. Se recolectaron datos sobre la prescripción médica de ayuno, la hora de inducción anestésica y personales. El ayuno prescripto se comparó con las recomendaciones de las guías de la AAARBA (Asociación de Anestesia, Analgesia y Reanimación de Buenos Aires). Resultados: se reclutaron 139 pacientes, con una mediana de edad de 48 años (30; 64), 53% femeninos. La mediana del ayuno prescripto fue de 12,5 horas tanto para sólidos como para líquidos. El ayuno para sólidos que realizaron los pacientes tuvo una mediana de 14 horas, la cual resultó significativamente mayor que la prescripción (p < 0,001). En cambio, el ayuno para líquidos tuvo una mediana de 12 horas, no hallándose una diferencia significativa (p = 0,452) con lo prescripto. En comparación con la guía de la AAARBA, el ayuno prescripto excedió la recomendación para sólidos (4,5 h) y para líquidos (10,5 h). El ayuno realizado por el paciente excedió lo prescripto para sólidos (1,5 h), mientras que para líquidos fue inferior (0,5 h). Conclusión: el ayuno preoperatorio prescripto no se adecuó a las recomendaciones actuales. Las horas de ayuno realizadas por el paciente resultaron excesivas. (AU)


Background and objective: preoperative fasting reduces the risk of aspiration of gastric contents and its complications. However, if fasting is excessive, it favours regurgitation and the risk of pulmonary aspiration in patients undergoing general anaesthetic, such as metabolic and electrolyte disorders. We analysed its duration in patients with elective surgeries in public acute care hospital. Material and methodologies: patients over 18 years old with elective surgeries were surveyed. Data about medical fasting indication, time of induction of anaesthesia and personal information was collected. The prescribed fast was compared with the recommendations of the AAARBA (Association of Anaesthesia, Analgesia and Reanimation of Buenos Aires) guidelines. Results: 139 patients were gathered with a median of 48 years old (30; 64), 53% of them were female. Fasting indication median was of 12.5 h for solids and liquids. The fasting made by the patient for solids had a median of 14 h which resulted to be significantly higher to the indication (p < 0.001). By contrast, the fasting for liquids had a median of 12 h which it did not show a significant difference (p = 0.452) with the indication. In comparison with the AAARBA guideline, the fasting indication exceeded the recommendation for solids (4.5 h) and for liquids (10.5 h). The fasting made by the patient exceeded to what was indicated for solids (1.5 h) while for liquids, it was inferior (0.5 h). Conclusion: the indicated preoperative fasting was not adequate to the current recommendations. The hours of fasting made by patient were excessive. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Young Adult , Preoperative Care/methods , Fasting/metabolism , Elective Surgical Procedures/adverse effects , Anxiety , Pneumonia/prevention & control , General Surgery/trends , Thirst , Fasting/physiology , Hunger , Elective Surgical Procedures/methods , Dehydration , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/mortality , Laryngopharyngeal Reflux/prevention & control , Respiratory Aspiration of Gastric Contents/complications , Hypoglycemia , Anesthesia, General/trends
4.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 146(11): 1325-1333, nov. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-985706

ABSTRACT

The fragmentation of a general specialty in subspecialties or derived specialties is a widely spread reality. Chilean health care system is becoming more complex, requiring more specialists. On the other hand, doctors in specialty training increasingly choose a subspecialty to continue their training and professional development. This contrasts with the growing need for well-trained general surgeons. We aimed to compare the evidence about the needs for general surgeons and the perspectives of Chilean physicians about their specialty training. A literature review about the intention of specialization in Chilean general surgery residents and the gaps in the Chilean health system, was performed. As of December 2016, there were 2,103 general surgeons in Chile, of whom 598 (28%) also have a subspecialty. Among the latter, 49% are plastic or vascular surgeons, which are also the specialties with the greatest demand in the public system. According to estimates of the Chilean Ministry of Health, on that year there was a deficit of 285 general surgeons and 142 subspecialists. These figures correspond to 18.5% and 23.8% of the existing resources. A survey published in 2009 reported that 78% of trainees in general surgery would prefer to continue studying a subspecialty, following the trend observed in the USA and Europe. Therefore, there is a disproportion between the intentions of general surgery trainees and the needs for these professionals in Chile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Specialization/statistics & numerical data , General Surgery/statistics & numerical data , Surgeons/statistics & numerical data , Health Services Needs and Demand/statistics & numerical data , Internship and Residency/statistics & numerical data , Specialization/trends , General Surgery/education , General Surgery/trends , Time Factors , Career Choice , Chile , Surgeons/education , Surgeons/trends , Health Services Needs and Demand/trends , Internship and Residency/trends
5.
Rev. medica electron ; 39(5): 1033-1040, set.-oct. 2017.
Article in Spanish | LILACS, CUMED | ID: biblio-902222

ABSTRACT

Introducción: los errores en cirugía existen desde que el hombre mismo se atrevió a violar la integridad del cuerpo humano buscando resolver un problema de salud. La Organización de la Salud, en el 2008 lanza el programa "Cirugías Seguras", pues ha calculado que se realizan 234 millones de cirugías mayores al año y se producen alrededor de un millón de muertes relacionadas con procedimientos quirúrgicos mayores. Objetivo: determinar la seguridad en las cirugías mayores. Material y Métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional descriptivo y retrospectivo analizando los resultados de las cirugías mayores en el servicio de cirugía general del Hospital Militar Docente "Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy" de Matanzas, en el periodo comprendido de enero del 2011 a diciembre del 2015. Resultados: se realizó un total de 7366 cirugías mayores, electivas 5525(75%), urgentes 1841(25%). Fueron clasificadas como A1 7264 (98,6%), se efectuaron 127 reintervenciones (1,7%), se produjeron 107 eventos adversos (1,4%) y una mortalidad operatoria de 86 pacientes (1,16%). Conclusiones: son seguras las intervenciones de cirugías mayores. Los eventos adversos se presentaron por debajo de lo reportado en la literatura médica mundial. La mortalidad operatoria está dentro de parámetros aceptados en estándares internacionales (AU).


Introduction: mistakes in surgery are committed since the moment the man had the courage of violating the integrity of the human body looking for solving a health problem. The World Health Organization started the program Cirugías seguras (Safe Surgeries in English) in 2008, because they calculated that 234 millions of major surgeries are done and around a million of deaths are related with major surgical procedures every year. Aim: to determine the safety of the major surgeries. Materials and Methods: an observational, descriptive and retrospective study was carried out analyzing the results of the major surgeries in the Teaching Military Hospital "Dr. Mario Muñoz Monroy" of Matanzas in the period from January 2011 to December 2015. Results: a total of 7 366 major surgeries were done: 5 525 elective surgeries (75 %) and 1 841 emergency surgeries (25 %). 7 264 were classified as A1 (98,6); 127 surgical re-interventions were done (1,7 %); 107 adverse events took place (1,4 %) and the surgical mortality was 86 patients (1,16 %). Conclusions: major surgical interventions are safe. The adverse events were less than data reported in the international medical literature. Surgical mortality fulfills the parameters accepted in international standards (AU).


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , General Surgery/methods , Surgical Procedures, Operative/methods , Patient Safety , General Surgery/standards , General Surgery/trends , Surgical Procedures, Operative/standards , Surgical Procedures, Operative/trends , Mortality/trends , Observational Studies as Topic
6.
Medisan ; 21(9)set. 2017. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-894657

ABSTRACT

Se realizó un estudio analítico y transversal, del tipo indicación-prescripción de medicamentos, de 254 pacientes atendidos en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Provincial Docente Clinicoquirúrgico Saturnino Lora Torres de Santiago de Cuba, de enero a mayo de 2016, con vistas a analizar la prescripción de antibióticos de administración parenteral por parte del personal médico de esta área. En la serie las infecciones resultaron más frecuentes en el sexo masculino (53,1 por ciento y en los grupos etarios de 45 a 64 años (42,1 por ciento). Asímismo, predominó el criterio de aplicar terapia antimicrobiana empírica (71,7 por ciento) y en general, las indicaciones correspondieron a la amikacina 144 (25,2 por ciento), 121 al metronidazol (21,2 por ciento) y 118 a la penicilina cristalina (20,7 por ciento); por otra parte, los gérmenes patógenos más aislados en el Servicio fueron la Escherichia coli, la Klebsiella, el enterobacter y el estafilococo coagulasa positivo.


An analytic and cross-sectional study, of the indication-prescription medications type, of 315 patients assisted in the General Surgery Service of Saturnino Lora Torres Teaching Clinical Surgical Provincial Hospital was carried out in Santiago de Cuba, from January to May, 2016, aimed at analyzing the prescription of parenteral antibiotics on the part of the medical staff of this area. In the series the infections were most frequent in the male sex (53,1 percent) and in the 45 to 64 years group (42,1 percent). Also, the criterion of applying antimicrobians empirically prevailed (71,7 percent) and in general, indications corresponded to amikacin 144 (25,2 percent), 121 to metronidazole (21,2 percent), and 118 to crystalline penicillin (20,7 percent); on the other hand, the most isolated pathogens in the Service were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella, enterobacter and positive coagulase staphylococcus.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Antibiotic Prophylaxis , Medication Therapy Management , Anti-Bacterial Agents/therapeutic use , General Surgery/trends , Cuba
7.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec ; 66(5): 1383-1391, Sep-Oct/2014. graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-729753

ABSTRACT

Na busca de material biológico alternativo para a realização de implantes, objetivou-se com o presente estudo avaliar comparativamente a implantação do peritônio de paca, uma nova opção de biomaterial, conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300 por cento e conservado em glicerina a 98 por cento na parede abdominal de ratos Wistar. Foram utilizados 60 ratos, machos, da linhagem Wistar, pesando entre 150 e 200 gramas, organizados nos seguintes grupos experimentais: grupo controle (GI), grupo peritônio conservado em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300 por cento (GII) e grupo peritônio conservado em glicerina a 98 por cento (GIII), cada um com 20 animais. Os grupos GII e GIII receberam o enxerto de peritônio da paca conservado em solução de açúcar 300 por cento e glicerina 98 por cento, respectivamente, e o grupo GI não recebeu a membrana. Cinco ratos de cada grupo foram submetidos à eutanásia em quatro momentos distintos: sete, 15, 30 e 60 dias de pós-operatório para avaliações macroscópicas e microscópicas da interface implante-tecido nativo. Apesar de reações adversas observadas em 57,5 por cento dos animais do grupo GII e GIII, em 95 por cento dos animais desses grupos houve boa cicatrização da membrana. Na análise histológica, verificou-se a presença de grande infiltrado inflamatório nos períodos iniciais (sete e 15 dias) e grande presença de tecido conjuntivo nos momentos finais (30 e 60 dias). Concluiu-se que o peritônio da paca como membrana biológica conservado nos meios estudados pode ser utilizado com segurança na parede abdominal de ratos; ainda, que sua conservação em solução supersaturada de açúcar a 300 por cento permitiu melhor maleabilidade no ato cirúrgico...


In the search for alternative biological material to perform implants, this study aimed to compare the implantation of paca peritoneum, a new biomaterial option, preserved in supersaturated sugar solution 300 percent and preserved in glycerin 98 percent in the abdominal wall of Wistar rats. A total of 60 male rats from the Wistar strain weighing between 150 and 200 grams were housed into three different experimental groups: control group (GI), peritoneum preserved in supersaturated sugar solution 300 percent group (GII) and peritoneum preserved in glycerin 98 percent group (GIII), with 20 animals each. The GII and GIII received the paca peritoneum graft preserved in sugar solution 300 percent and glycerin 98 percent, respectively and group GI did not receive any membrane. Five rats from each group were euthanized at four different times: seven, 15, 30 and 60 days post-surgery for macroscopic and microscopic evaluations in graft-native tissue interface. Despite the adverse reactions observed in 57.5 percent of GII and GIII, there was good healing of the membrane in 95 percent of the animals in these groups. Upon histological examination there was a large presence of inflammatory infiltrates in the initial periods (seven and 15 days) and a large presence of connective tissue in the final stages (30 and 60). It was concluded that the paca peritoneum as biological membrane preserved as presented in this study can be used safely in the abdominal wall of rats, the preservation in supersaturated sugar solution 300 percent allowed better flexibility during surgery...


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Cuniculidae , Biocompatible Materials/analysis , Peritoneum , Abdominal Wall , General Surgery/trends , Rats, Wistar , Wound Healing
8.
In. Sousa, Paulo; Mendes, Walter. Segurança do paciente: conhecendo os riscos nas organizações de saúde. v. 1. Rio de Janeiro, Fiocruz;EAD, 2014. p.185-201, ilus, mapas, tab.
Monography in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-762377
11.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 36(6): 529-532, nov.-dez. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-539554

ABSTRACT

Este artigo pretende discutir a metodologia de treinamento dos novos cirurgiões, considerando a realidade do momento atual e propondo uma reflexão orientada baseada em evidências a respeito das expectativas dos cirurgiões jovens e da realidade do mercado de trabalho em cirurgia. As descobertas cientificas e tecnológicas, o grande volume de informação imposto rotineiramente e as expectativas de administração logistica e de custos modificaram de forma radical a atividade do cirurgião com relação aos cirurgiões formados nas concepções clássicas. Há um reposicionamento da autoridade do médico frente ao paciente e à sociedade. A cultura contemporânea leva os jovens a ter expectativas próprias quanto à própria qualidade de vida e perspectivas profissionais. Tornou-se necessário modificar os padrões de treinamento dos cirurgiões para que se adeqüem à necessidade de aprendizado contínuo e adaptação a novos instrumentos tecnológicos e para que estejam aptos a uma interação social adequada à expectativa atual quanto à relação médico-paciente e entre profissionais de saúde. Estas adaptações estruturais são fundamentais para manter o interesse dos profissionais jovens em cirurgia.


This paper proposes to discuss the training methodologies for young surgeons, considering the modern needs, by discussing their expectations and the reality of the surgeons' job market nowadays. Scientific and technological novelties, the huge amount of information imposed daily, managerial interventions and cost issues modified radically the activities of the surgeons, especially if compared to classical conceptions. Recent re-readings of the classical ethical postulates demand a new behavior of the doctors concerning the patients and the society per se. Contemporaneous social culture bring about individual expectations concerning quality of life and professional perspective issues. It becomes necessary to modify the training methods for surgeons to make them adequate to the need of continuous learning and adaptation to new technological instruments. They also should adapt to social interactions with the patients and the other health professionals that fit nowadays expectations. Those structural adaptations are fundamental to maintain the interest of the new professionals in the area of surgery.


Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery/education , Professional Practice/trends , General Surgery/standards , General Surgery/trends , Professional Practice/standards
12.
Rev. bras. cancerol ; 55(3): 297-301, jul.-set. 2009.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-651915

ABSTRACT

Os recentes avanços no tratamento dos tumores estromais gastrointestinais (GIST) foram responsáveis pela mudança da história natural da doença. O melhor conhecimento dos mecanismos moleculares foi fundamental para o desenvolvimento de droga alvo-molecular dirigida capaz de obter resultados, até então, não alcançados em nenhum tratamento de tumor sólido. A introdução do imatinibe na prática clínica modificou não só a sobrevida dos portadores de GIST metastático, como também foi responsável por quebras de paradigmas bem estabelecidos; porém, apesar de o tratamento da doença metastática ser baseado na utilização do imatinibe, o papel do cirurgião, nesse contexto, tem sido revisado, havendo alguns indícios de que a cirurgia de resgate na doença metastática possa trazer benefícios a grupos selecionados de pacientes. Dessa forma, um novo conceito se estabelece, o da Cirurgia Adjuvante; ou seja, uma estratégia terapêutica que visa a otimizar os resultados do tratamento do GIST metastático.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , General Surgery/trends , Gastrointestinal Neoplasms/surgery , Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors/surgery
15.
Rev. cuba. med. mil ; 37(2)abr.-jun. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-506296

ABSTRACT

El cirujano actual tanto en el medio civil como militar, es uno de los mayores avances en técnicas quirúrgicas en los últimos 20 años, sus principios: control de la hemorragia, prevención de la contaminación y evitar más daños, constituye un reto para todos nuestros cirujanos...


Subject(s)
Humans , General Surgery/trends , Military Medicine
16.
Rev. Soc. Bras. Cir. Craniomaxilofac ; 11(3,supl): 15-15, jun. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-523541

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A cirurgia da órbita recebeu um grande impulso nas últimas décadas com o advento da endoscopia. O acesso endonasal possibilitou o avanço principalmente na cirurgia da oftalmopatia de Graves e da neuropatia traumática do nervo óptico. Objetivo: Apresentar nossa experiência com a cirurgia endoscópica endonasal da órbita, avaliando a casuística, os resultados e as complicações nos últimos três anos. Método: Estudo retrospectivo, de janeiro de 2003 a janeiro de 2008, dos 12 pacientes (21 órbitas) submetidos a cirurgia endonasal endoscópica da órbita. Os resultados foram avaliados com relação a acuidade visual, melhoria da proptose e complicações associadas. Técnicas cirúrgicas utilizadas são descritas. Resultados: No período, foi realizada descompressão do nervo óptico em uma paciente com pseudotumor cerebral com melhora, após seis meses, de toda a avaliação oftalmológica, e em dois pacientes com baixa de acuidade visual devido à neuropatia traumática do nervo óptico, com melhora importante em um deles. A descompressão orbitária foi realizada em 18 órbitas de 9 pacientes portadores de exoftalmia de Graves. A média de redução da proptose foi de 3,87 mm(variando de 3,09 a 4,57 mm). A acuidade visual melhorou nos dois pacientes que apresentavam déficit pré-operatório. Diplopia ocorreu em uma paciente. Conclusões: A cirurgia orbitária por acesso endoscópio endonasal demonstrou-se um tratamento cirúrgico útil para inverter e prevenir deterioração visual e melhorar a proptose, com baixo índice de complicações. Portanto, acreditamos que esta abordagem merece consideração dos cirurgiões craniofaciais quandro frente a um paciente com estes problemas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Optic Nerve Diseases/surgery , Endoscopy/methods , Graves Ophthalmopathy/surgery , General Surgery/trends
17.
Urol. colomb ; 17(1): 27-35, abr. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-506189

ABSTRACT

Objetivo: Describir los resultados terapéuticos de 14 pacientes con incontinencia urinaria de estrés a quienes se les corrigió su incontinencia mediante la colocación de la cinta vaginal libre de tensión (obturador). Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo de seguimiento a 14 pacientes operadas. A todas las pacientes se les realizó evaluación urodinámica previa. Se utilizó un cuestionario en 5 ocasiones: previo a la cirugía, a las 24 horas, una semana después, al mes y seis o más meses después. Las pacientes estimaron la severidad de sus síntomas de incontinencia mediante la escala Visual Análoga y mediante el cuestionario: "Symptom Severity Index and Symptom impact Index for stress incontinente in women (versión corta). Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y se utilizó una prueba t de Student pareada (p <0.05). Resultados: La mediana de la edad fue de 55 años (DE 11.46, rango 44-78) La mediana de tiempo quirúrgico 81.4 minutos (rango 30-120). No se presentaron complicaciones intraoperatorias ni postoperatorias inmediatas. Durante el postoperatorio temprano se presentaron 3 complicaciones en 4 pacientes. El alta se dio a las 14.5 horas. En el postoperatorio tardío se presentó una tasa de complicaciones de 69.23 por cien. Las complicaciones tardías reportadas fueron: persistencia de incontinencia deurgencia de novo, incontinencia de urgencia de novo, infección urinaria, disuria, hiperactividad del detrusor y vaginosis. Se observó que 76.92 por cien, obtuvo curación subjetiva de su incontinencia seis o mas meses postoperatorio. Las diferencias registradas en la Escala Visual Análoga y el cuestionario de calidad de vida antes de la cirugía y seis o más meses postoperatorios fueron estadísticamente significantes (P 0.0001). Conclusión: La técnica de TVT puede llegar a ser considerada como un procedimiento mínimamente invasivo y seguro para la corrección de la incontinencia urinaria femenina.


Subject(s)
Female , General Surgery/trends , Urinary Incontinence/pathology , Urinary Incontinence/therapy
18.
Yonsei Medical Journal ; : 873-878, 2008.
Article in English | WPRIM | ID: wpr-34320

ABSTRACT

Technology has become a major driver of the future direction of healthcare and surgery. Likewise, the speed of change has accelerated beyond comprehension, with a number of revolutions occurring during a surgeon's career. Being an agent of change or rapidly adapting to change has become the hallmark of the gifted surgeon. The fundamental challenges to a future surgeon are addressed from a technological viewpoint, with emphasis on the impact upon healthcare.


Subject(s)
Humans , Biomedical Technology/education , Education, Medical/trends , General Surgery/trends , Medicine/trends , Research/trends , Robotics/trends
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